GPS World

Tag: Mitre

  • GNSS leaders honored at GPS World dinner

    GNSS leaders honored at GPS World dinner

    It is a beautiful, crisp afternoon, the last of the summer, as I write and as we prepare for next week’s ION GNSS+ conference, where GPS World and sponsors Harris Corporation, Rockwell Collins and Spirent Federal Systems will host the 2017 Leadership Dinner and confer this year’s Leadership Awards in Satellites, Signals, Services and Products.

    The engraved glass awards nestle snug in their boxes beside me, the names upon them known only by a few.

    However, as you read this, it is early October — and hopefully another beautiful crisp afternoon among autumn’s best — and those glass awards are safe at home with their new owners. Their names are known by all 125 Leadership Dinner attendees, and now by you as well. We will publish their spoken remarks in the December issue. Here now are the basic details.

    The voting ballot for the awards was assembled by polling a group of roughly 25 industry VIPs for their nominations, and that same group plus another 40 voted for the final recipients.

    The 2017 Leadership Award for Satellites went to Wolfgang Paetsch, director of Navigation for OHB, primarily responsible for the space projects that the company executes for the European Space Agency (ESA) and the European Union. He was nominated for his leadership in setting up the routine production of the Galileo satellites leading to Galileo constellation deployment, including the quadruple Ariane 5 launch in November 2016. As one voter remarked as he cast his ballot, “The quadruple launch capability is a key enabler for the future.”

    The Leadership Award for Signals was conferred upon Christopher Hegarty, director for Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Engineering and Spectrum at The MITRE Corporation, for contributions to the Department of Transportation’s GPS Adjacent Band Compatibility Assessment. Said Compatibility Assessment has been a long and winding road, and has required several sure hands, Chris’ among them, to guide it. We hope to publish something on its outcomes soon.

    The Leadership Award for Services was given to Patricia Doherty, director and senior scientist at the Institute for Scientific Research at Boston College, for initiating and leading the Africa GNSS Outreach program since 2009. The program’s mission is to help developing countries derive social and economic benefits from satellite-based positioning, navigation and timing. Each year, around 50 graduate students and faculty from African and other countries attend these GNSS workshops. The faculty reads like a Who’s Who of satnav scientists and teachers, testifying to both Doherty’s formidable recruiting talents and the dedication of this community to knowledge-sharing around the world.

    2017 GPS World Leadership Awards.

    The Leadership Award for Products was a tri-partite affair, going to colleagues Charles Abraham and Andreas Warloe, vice president of Engineering and senior director of GPS Engineering, respectively, at Broadcom. As the chief designer and the architect of the first dual-frequency L1/L5 E1/E5 GNSS chip for smartphones, they are helping to usher in a new era of high-precision GNSS in mass-market products. See this article for more details on the just-launched product.

    The two shared the award with Javier de Salas, director of Software Engineering at Broadcom, for leadership in establishing Galileo-ready receiver products.

    A good time was had by all at the Leadership Dinner, which also included the PNT Powerplay Puzzle and Pig-in-a-Poke Live Auction. Details in December!

  • uAvionix demonstrates dime-sized ADS-B for high-traffic drone operations

    uAvionix demonstrates dime-sized ADS-B for high-traffic drone operations

    uAvionix Corporation, an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) avionics provider, has developed and is testing a tiny ADS-B transceiver for UAVs.

    Weighing less than 1 gram, a dime-sized ADS-B prototype module for drones with transmission power between 0.01-0.25 Watts could provide visibility to any aircraft equipped with ADS-B “IN” avionics from 1 to 10 miles away, and is small enough to integrate directly into professional and consumer-level drones.

    uAvionix is working with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other partners under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) to test the unit, along with other uAvionix products.

    uAvionix Ping ADS-B transceiver.
    uAvionix Ping ADS-B transceiver. Photo: uAvionix 

    A recent study published in January 2017 by The MITRE Corporation’s Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (CAASD) imagined a future of high-traffic densities of drones operating with ADS-B onboard, and then sought to understand the implications of that.

    The study suggests that there is a nominal transmission power output between 0.01 and 0.1 Watts that when coupled with limited drone traffic densities can result in a compatible operation with the system as a whole.

    “We developed this product to show the world the art of the possible,” said Paul Beard, CEO of uAvionix. “We can’t yet sell this device because the standards that were developed for ADS-B did not take into account the value of air-to-air ADS-B communications between small drones or between small drones and manned aircraft. It’s literally not legal to transmit at these low power outputs. We aim to lead the discussion and development of those standards, and will work with any regulatory body to do so.”

  • Mitre Product Detects Timing Spoofing Attacks

    Mitre’s new Time Anomaly Detection Appliqué (TADA) protects modern digital systems from spoofing attacks that can corrupt time source signals.

    Successful spoofing attacks could result in navigational systems going haywire and grounding airplanes, jumbling of buying and selling orders, a shutdown of the stock market, or power-grid failures. Infrastructure and defense systems often rely on GPS’s unencrypted position, navigation, and timing (PNT) signal as their source of accurate time, accurate to about 14 nanoseconds.

    The TADA system detects and, for certain users, mitigates timing attacks. “Almost every system has a need for precise and accurate time,” said Darrow Leibner, the Mitre TADA project lead. “Because GPS is accurate and ubiquitous, users have gotten away from implementing other time-keeping methods. That’s where the potential vulnerability comes in.”

    TADA is designed to provide a cost-effective, reliable, and easy-to-use method for protecting GPS receivers against spoofing attacks. The system defends against spoofing by continuously comparing a trusted input, such as a known frequency or location, with those provided by the GPS receiver. When a difference between these two inputs is detected, TADA alerts the user to the suspected PNT anomaly.

    For a trusted input, TADA uses an atomic clock frequency. For each second measured by the incoming GPS timing signal, TADA counts the number of frequency cycles generated by a Cesium clock. If the incoming GPS signal is valid, TADA will count exactly the expected number of Cesium frequency cycles. If TADA measures a higher or lower number of timing signals than expected, it will display the difference. A difference outside the acceptable margin of error will prompt TADA to alert its users that the GPS timing signal is possibly being spoofed.

    In the same way it uses a trusted time source, TADA can also use a known location to detect a spoofing attack. To do this, the user inputs the location of a GPS receiver antenna into TADA. TADA monitors the reported position for any changes. Any reported change of the stationary location would most likely be due to spoofing attack and prompt an alert to the user. Once alerted by TADA to a spoofing attack, users can quickly switch to existing backup systems.

    “This is not the invention of the lightbulb,” Leibner said. “Rather, it’s a clever use of existing technologies packaged in such a way that users obtain a greatly increased level of protection for a minimum of investment. None of the TADA components on their own are brilliant. But as one manufacturer said after seeing a detailed description of TADA, ‘It’s brilliantly simplistic.’”

    The next stage in TADA’s development is to provide it with the capability to not only detect spoofing attacks, but to mitigate its effects and pinpoint their origin. Mitre will also continue to advocate that to bolster the nation’s infrastructure defenses against spoofing, TADA-like monitoring techniques be included within commercial product design.

    Adapted from an article by The MITRE Corporation.