GPS World

Category: Defense

  • Royal Navy demonstrates quantum-sensing technology for alternative PNT

    Royal Navy demonstrates quantum-sensing technology for alternative PNT

    The Royal Navy has successfully tested a new quantum sensing technology designed for underwater detection. Conducted off the coast of Plymouth aboard HMS Magpie, the trials aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this quantum-sensing system in identifying submerged objects.

    The technology leverages ultra-cold atoms to measure subtle variations in the Earth’s magnetic field, which indicate underwater objects. This method allows for the detection of items that traditional sonar systems might miss, enhancing the precision of underwater surveys.

    During the tests, the system identified various targets, including a concrete block weighing one ton, and demonstrated sensitivity sufficient enough to detect objects as small as a soccer ball.

    This project is part of a broader collaboration involving the Royal Navy, the Defense Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl) and industry partners. It reflects ongoing efforts to integrate advanced technologies into naval operations, aligning with the UK’s strategic focus on quantum technologies.

    Future plans include further development and miniaturization of the quantum sensing system to enable its deployment on various naval platforms, such as ships and submarines, as well as autonomous underwater vehicles. The successful trials indicate that this technology could significantly improve the Royal Navy’s capabilities in maritime security and underwater exploration.

  • Launchpad: Software updates, defense radar, fleet tracking and more

    Launchpad: Software updates, defense radar, fleet tracking and more

    A roundup of recent products in the GNSS and inertial positioning industry from the October 2024 issue of GPS World magazine.

    SURVEYING & MAPPING

    Updated CAD Software
    With enhanced features and workflow improvements

    Topcon Positioning Systems has released a new version of its computer-aided design (CAD) software suite, formerly known as MAGNET. With enhanced features and workflow improvements to the Office, Field and Tools modules, version 9 is also renamed under the Topcon software suite as the business retires the MAGNET brand.

    The software is designed for professionals such as surveyors, engineers, modelers, estimators and project managers, aiming to improve productivity through integrated software capabilities and workflows. It can be used as standalone, office-based CAD software or as a cloud-connected solution that integrates field and office operations with Topcon or Sokkia survey instruments. The platform offers user-friendly and versatile configurations suitable for various applications.

    Topcon Office version 9 introduces new options for working with digital terrain models (DTMs), spot elevations and offset capabilities, enhancing versatility when handling 2D or 3D data sets. Improvements in Topcon Field include better productivity and stake reporting capabilities, advanced resection functionality for unknown control points and a new offset routine for creating points that are not observable with a total station. Both Field and Office modules now support direct import and export with 12D XML file formats.

    Subscribers to the AllDayRTK high accuracy positioning network can now directly import and export RINEX data into Topcon Tools with a current Plus or RINEX subscription. Version 9 of Topcon Tools also features improved coordinate system functions, new traverse calculations, viewing options and enhanced functionality for working with data in tabular view for reporting.

    Topcon Positioning Systems, topconpositioning.com

    4D Scanner
    For AEC professionals

    The PIX4Dcatch smartphone scanning application is now compatible with the Bad Elf FlexGNSS receiver. This integration is designed for professionals in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industries.

    PIX4Dcatch is a comprehensive 3D scanning and AR visualization tool that combines photogrammetry, lidar technology and real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning for precise results.

    The Bad Elf Flex GNSS receiver offers scalable accuracy and flexibility. In its standard configuration, it provides 30-60 cm real-time accuracy for GIS applications. Its daily token model allows users to unlock full RTK workflow for 24-hour periods, achieving 1 cm horizontal accuracy when needed. For users requiring consistent high accuracy, an upgrade to the Bad Elf Flex Extreme is available for permanent RTK capabilities.

    By combining PIX4Dcatch with the Bad Elf Flex GNSS receiver, surveying, construction and building professionals can now create highly accurate 3D models using mobile smartphone scanning technology. The resulting scans can be exported to CAD/GIS platforms for inspection, sharing and collaboration among project stakeholders.

    Bad Elf, bad-elf.com

    UAV
    With an integrated bathymetric system

    The YellowScan Navigator bathymetric system has been integrated into Xer Technologies’ UAVs. This collaboration aims to enhance UAVs’ capabilities for conducting long-range bathymetric surveys and underwater inspections, which are essential in various fields such as environmental monitoring, coastal management and infrastructure development.

    The integrated system allows users to collect high-resolution and accurate bathymetric data, even in challenging aquatic environments. YellowScan’s green laser lidar technology is a key component of this system, providing precise underwater mapping capabilities. Xer Technologies’ UAVs are designed for extended flight durations and can operate for more than two hours, facilitating coverage of larger survey areas in a single mission. This feature is particularly beneficial for projects that require extensive data collection over vast aquatic regions.

    The YellowScan Navigator can achieve a precision of 3 cm and can operate at a maximum altitude of 100 m above ground level. The laser has a range of up to 120 m and features a scanner field-of-view of 44°. It weighs 3.7 kg.

    Xer Technologies, xer-tech.com

    Sonar Series
    For underwater applications

    The ISS360 Sonar Series is a range of imaging sonars designed for underwater applications. This series provides a full 360° field of vision and can detect objects at distances of up to 90 m to 100 m. The ISS360 utilizes compressed high-intensity radar pulse (CHIRP) acoustics to provide image clarity and quality.

    The ISS360 operates within a frequency range of 600 kHz to 900 kHz, offering an angular resolution of 2.2° at 700 kHz and a range resolution of 2.5 mm at lower ranges. The sonar is housed in durable titanium material, providing a depth rating of 4,000 m as standard, with an option available for a 6,000 m rating. Additionally, it has a low power consumption of 3.6 watts, making it efficient for prolonged use.

    The CHIRP acoustics enable adjustable frequency bandwidth for optimized performance in various conditions.

    Its inductive coupling design eliminates the need for slip rings, significantly improving the longevity of the device. For those needing additional data, an optional attitude reference system provides pitch and roll measurements. The sonar comes equipped with seaView software for easy operation, as well as a software development kit (SDK) for custom integrations.

    The series includes two main models: the standard ISS360, which is suitable for a wide range of applications, and the ISS360HD, which offers higher angular resolution and range capability for more demanding operations.

    Impact Subsea, impactsubsea.com

    Machine Control

    Farming Management System
    With an API link

    CropX and CNH Industrial have launched a new digital connection to enhance precision farming and sustainability. This integration establishes an application programming interface (API) link between CropX’s agronomic farm management system and CNH’s Case IH and New Holland Agriculture equipment.

    The new connection streamlines data transfer from CNH machinery to CropX, enabling automated data visualization, record-keeping, planning and variable-rate applications. This comprehensive data transfer covers a wide range of farming activities, including planting, application and harvesting, with specific data points varying based on the equipment type.

    Within the CropX platform, this information is presented in user-friendly tables and maps that can be overlaid with other data layers. This feature allows farmers and agronomic advisers to easily extract valuable insights for improved decision-making. Furthermore, the integration facilitates the creation of variable rate application maps for fertilization and seeding, utilizing advanced agronomic tools within CropX’s system.

    CropX, cropx.com

    Agricultural UAV
    For crop and data management

    The Tesseract Ag Drone is an agricultural drone designed to improve crop and data management for farmers.

    This U.S.-made drone utilizes computer vision and optical technologies to offer farmers detailed, real-time information about their fields. With its comprehensive suite of functionalities, the Tesseract Ag Drone enables farmers to quickly identify pests, monitor weed growth, assess crop and soil health, track weather impacts and observe crop development.

    When paired with the Tesseract Synthesis Software, the drone’s software can transform raw data into actionable insights, allowing farmers to make informed decisions using tools powered by artificial intelligence. The centralized data management system is designed to streamline collaboration among farm teams, fostering teamwork and improving overall productivity.

    Tesseract Ventures, tesseractventures.io

    Transportation

    Fleet Tracking Platform
    Designed to improve operational efficiency

    CerebrumX Labs and Onward Fleet Solutions have partnered to improve fleet management through advanced data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI). This collaboration integrates CerebrumX’s augmented deep learning platform (ADLP) with Onward’s comprehensive fleet management system, offering fleet operators insights into their vehicles and operations.

    The partnership leverages real-time data and robust reporting to enhance operational efficiency, reduce costs and improve driver safety. CerebrumX’s ADLP offers live fleet tracking, ensuring constant visibility of vehicle locations.

    Additionally, it analyzes trip histories to uncover patterns in driver behavior and vehicle usage for fleet managers to make data-driven decisions. Users can also generate customized reports to help optimize various aspects of fleet management, including driver safety protocols, vehicle maintenance and fuel efficiency.

    The system integrates AI to process vast amounts of data from electric and connected vehicles to provide crucial insights into asset performance, energy consumption and maintenance requirements. This capability is particularly valuable for optimizing electric vehicle charging schedules, improving battery life and supporting the broader transition to greener transportation solutions.

    Onward Fleet Solutions, onwardfleet.com

    UAV

    Aerial Imagery Solution
    With Updated Features

    PhotoCapture version 2 is a photogrammetry and aerial imagery solution designed for aerial imaging professionals, surveyors, engineers and other applications that require highly accurate UAV data.

    The new Photocapture Standalone Basic features a new Windows-based foundation with simple installation, a faster user interface, overlap adjustment, more available projections and faster overall photogrammetry processing speed.

    PhotoCapture Standalone Advanced adds the Survey Canvas, which allows manipulation of processed point cloud data such as stockpile volume calculations, the drawing of linework, surfaces and more, all within the PhotoCapture program. New to the PhotoCapture Survey Canvas in version 2 is the View Site feature for viewing changes on sites over time, as well as the ability to remove moving objects.

    PhotoCapture Standalone Advanced also now offers lidar colorization and processing, allowing the integration of lidar and photogrammetry data. Drawing on the strengths of each technology, this new feature creates more accurate and more visually appealing point cloud outputs.

    Carlson’s PhotoCapture Web version offers a completely online solution utilizing cloud computing for processing power and featuring all the functionality of Carlson PhotoCapture Standalone Advanced.

    Carlson Software, carlsonsw.com

    UAV Lidar System
    With long-range capabilities and heavy payload capacity

    GeoCue and Xer Technologies AG have integrated GeoCue’s TrueView 720 lidar and imagery sensor with the Xer X8 UAV platform.

    The integration represents an advancement in aerial operations, particularly for mapping and inspecting large, challenging terrains. By combining the long-range capabilities and heavy payload capacity of the Xer X8 with the high-quality point cloud and imagery data collection of the TrueView 720, this solution allows operators to manage and monitor vast areas with precision and efficiency.

    Xer Technologies, xer-tech.com

    Map Processing Software
    Designed for construction, mining and urban planning

    The WingtraCLOUD software platform now features map processing capabilities to streamline the integration of aerial insights into industries such as construction, mining and urban planning.

    The latest updates seek to help engineering firms and users transition more smoothly from UAV data to actionable insights. By consolidating all stages of aerial data management — from mission planning to insight sharing — into a single platform, WingtraCLOUD eliminates the need for multiple complex tools to simplify workflows.

    This software is designed to reduce errors, prevent rework and accelerate project timelines, leading to increased productivity across key industries.

    With WingtraCLOUD, large-scale mapping projects can be completed quickly. This rapid processing capability is ideal for industries such as construction, where it helps avoid costly delays and resource waste, and in mining, where it enhances safety through quick highwall inspections. In disaster scenarios, WingtraCLOUD’s fast mapping capabilities can aid in efficiently directing resources.

    Wingtra, wingtra.com

    Compact UAV
    Equipped with a 1/2-inch image sensor

    The DJI Neo is a lightweight compact UAV designed to make aerial photography and videography more accessible.

    DJI Neo can be fully controlled without a remote, allowing for palm-based launches and landings. It features AI subject tracking and QuickShots, offering 4K ultra-stabilized video with a flight time of up to 18 minutes.

    The Neo is equipped with a 1/2-inch image sensor capable of capturing 12MP stills and 4K UHD video at 30 fps. DJI’s powerful stabilization algorithms, including RockSteady and HorizonBalancing, ensure smooth and stable footage even in challenging conditions.

    The Neo includes 22 GB of internal storage, capable of saving up to 40 minutes of 4 K / 30 fps video. It supports wireless file transfer to smartphones and easy audio recording through the DJI Fly app.

    DJI, dji.com

    IMU
    For precise navigation and stabilization

    LITEF fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) inertial measurement units (IMUs) are designed for precise navigation and stabilization in various applications such as UAVs. These units feature a comprehensive sensor suite, incorporating three gyroscope axes for rotational measurement and three accelerometer axes for linear acceleration detection. This configuration ensures accurate tracking of an object’s movement in three-dimensional space.

    The IMUs include processing electronics, power supply and input/output interfaces to streamline installation and operation, making them ideal for complex navigation tasks.

    For applications demanding even higher precision, LITEF offers the option to integrate GPS and GNSS receivers with their IMUs. This fusion of inertial and satellite-based navigation technologies is designed to enhance overall system performance, providing more robust and accurate positioning data.

    LITEF, litef.de

    OEM

    GNSS Receiver
    With Xona PULSAR functionality

    Locus Lock has partnered with Xona Space Systems to develop a GNSS receiver that uses Xona’s multi-frequency PULSAR service. Locus Lock aims to provide a robust software-defined GNSS receiver suited for both commercial and military applications.

    Xona’s PULSAR service will be delivered via a constellation of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, which orbit the Earth approximately 20 times closer than GNSS satellites, according to the company. This proximity allows PULSAR to offer higher signal power and a modernized signal design to offer improved multipath mitigation, higher accuracy and increased protection against radio frequency interference and spoofing compared to current GNSS systems.

    The technology is suitable for a wide range of applications, including vehicles navigating dense urban areas, agriculture and construction, UAVs, high-speed aircraft and defense applications. Locus Lock’s GNSS software stack can be deployed on existing customer computational infrastructure, ranging from small embedded devices to larger centralized computers. This flexibility allows for adaptation and configuration of the software to suit specific deployed environments.

    The system features inertially-aided carrier-phase differential GNSS (CDGNSS) for maintaining precision in challenging ecosystems, advanced interference mitigation and detection technology to ensure authentic GNSS signals are received and the dual-antenna, triple-frequency RadioLion RF front-end for capturing raw GNSS signals. These features offer signal situational awareness, anti-spoofing and interference mitigation.

    Locus Lock, locuslock.com

    Dual-Band Receiver Board
    With integrated IMU

    The simpleRTK2B Fusion GNSS RTK dual-band receiver board is a positioning solution that leverages the u-blox ZED-F9R module to provide highly accurate location data.

    This board delivers centimeter-level positioning accuracy, making it suitable for applications requiring precise location information. One of its key features is the integrated inertial measurement unit (IMU), which allows the board to provide full attitude data using a single antenna. This capability is particularly beneficial for compact and resource-constrained systems.

    The board’s design makes it suitable for small, unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) and slow-moving ground robotics platforms. These applications can greatly benefit from the board’s high-precision positioning and attitude information, enabling more accurate navigation and control.

    The simpleRTK2B Fusion board can be seamlessly integrated with various popular development platforms. It can serve as an external GNSS RTK receiver for autopilot systems and is compatible with both Pixhawk and Ardupilot-based autopilots, enhancing their positioning capabilities with its centimeter-accurate data.

    ArduSimple, ardusimple.com

    Defense

    Rugged Ground Control Station
    For commercial and defense applications

    The Controller Pro is a ground control station (GCS) technology for UAVs and robotics. It seeks to address the growing demand for compact, powerful and versatile control solutions in both commercial and defense sectors.

    The 8-inch Controller Pro boasts a rugged design with an IP65 rating, ensuring durability and protection against dust and water ingress. Equipped with Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 processors, the Controller Pro offers robust performance for mission-critical operations, enabling smooth handling of complex control tasks and real-time data processing. Additionally, the integration of Windows 11 enhances the system’s flexibility and compatibility with various software solutions, allowing for multi-application performance.

    The Controller Pro can be used for surveying, inspection and delivery services. Its rugged design and U.S. National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) compliance make it ideal for military and law enforcement applications, such as reconnaissance and tactical operations.

    Additionally, its radio-agnostic feature allows it to work with various communication systems, enhancing its versatility across different platforms and missions.

    Mobilicom, mobilicom.com

    Aerial Reconnaissance and Elimination System
    With integrated AI technology

    The Aerial Reconnaissance and Elimination System (ARIES) is designed to enhance situational awareness and counter emerging threats.

    ARIES utilizes AI to detect, classify and respond to threats in real time. The system’s AI continuously adapts to new threats across multiple domains without requiring manual updates to improve situational awareness and accelerate decision-making for military personnel.

    The system can detect and track UAVs beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS). This capability extends the range and effectiveness of counter-unmanned aerial system (C-UAS) operations, providing early warning and enabling rapid response to potential threats.

    ARIES seamlessly integrates with existing defense infrastructure, which eliminates the need for frequent manual system updates and seeks to improve overall mission success rates.

    The system has been successfully demonstrated to key Department of Defense (DOD) stakeholders, showcasing its potential to enhance counter-UAS operations. During the demonstration, ARIES offered critical, real-time intelligence for swift decision-making in response to UAV incursions.

    Skylark Labs, skylarklabs.ai

    Quadcopter UAS
    Department of Defense Blue UAS-certified

    The Teal 2 is a multirotor unmanned aerial system (UAS) designed for military, government and commercial applications. Designed, built and serviced entirely in the United States, the Teal 2 is Department of Defense (DOD) Blue UAS-certified, ensuring it meets stringent standards for government use.

    Its compact and rugged design allows for easy transport and rapid deployment, as it can be folded and carried in a rucksack. Additionally, the modular construction of the Teal 2 facilitates easy repair and reconfiguration in the field, enabling operators to adapt the system to their specific mission needs.

    The UAS weighs 1.25 kg, can reach maximum speeds of 10 m/s and has a flight time exceeding 30 minutes. It is equipped with the FLIR Hadron 640R electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) sensor system, which includes a dual-axis gimbal for stable imaging. This thermal imaging system excels in nighttime operations, allowing operators to identify and track targets even in complete darkness.

    The Teal 2 supports advanced operational features such as multi-vehicle command and control, which allows for 360° target views or multi-target surveillance. It employs AES-256 encryption for secure data transmission and communication. Powered by the Snapdragon 845 processor, the Teal 2 is also compatible with Athena AI, designed to enhance its capabilities in target recognition and battle tracking.

    Red Cat Holdings, redcat.red

    Radar System
    Designed for C-UAS and BVLOS flights

    This radar system is designed to enhance situational awareness for counter unmanned aircraft system (C-UAS) operations and beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) flights. The system, which has received Federal Communications Commission (FCC) authorization, is now being distributed to commercial and public sectors in the United States and to certain international markets.

    The system aims to deliver precise detection of both airborne and ground-based objects under various conditions. Its compact design allows for integration into existing infrastructures without the need for extensive setup or specialized training.

    The MatrixSpace Radar is part of an open architecture platform, facilitating integration with various industry-standard systems for unmanned traffic management (UTM), command and control, counter-UAS measures, and traffic and video surveillance systems. This approach aims to offer a unified view for operators to improve the coordination and management of airspace activities.

    MatrixSpace, matrixspace.com

  • BAE Systems unveils M-code GNSS tracking technology

    BAE Systems unveils M-code GNSS tracking technology

    BAE Systems has successfully demonstrated M-code signal tracking using an Increment 2 GNSS receiver powered by its Next-Generation Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). This breakthrough is part of the Military GPS User Equipment Increment 2 Miniature Serial Interface program, which was awarded a $247 million contract from the U.S. Space Force Space Systems Command in 2020.

    The Increment 2 program significantly advances core signal processing capabilities, offering sophisticated signal processing and compatibility with multiple satellite networks. This initiative focuses on developing and qualifying a compact receiver for applications demanding minimal size, weight and power consumption (SWaP). The resulting small form factor technology can be integrated across various platforms — including battery-operated handheld devices — expanding the potential applications for secure military GPS technology.

    This builds upon BAE Systems’ current Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM) and M-Code Increment 1 products. It offers more capability to combat threats, including field reprogramming and a flexible software configuration to meet mission needs.

    The company’s M-code GPS and anti-jam product line delivers reliable navigation and guidance solutions for a variety of systems, from airborne platforms and precision munitions to handheld devices and embedded applications. The Increment 2 MSI program is being developed at BAE Systems’ advanced facility in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, where the team continues to drive forward this capability.

  • Labsat shares results of Jammertest 2024

    Labsat shares results of Jammertest 2024

    Labsat has released updates from Jammertest 2024, where the team addressed real-world challenges related to GNSS jamming and spoofing attacks. According to Labsat, the team was on-site with the Labsat 4 GNSS Record & Replay device, which effectively captured the entire GNSS RF environment during the tests. The team shared that this technology has allowed Labsat to collect more than 20 TB of data, enabling them to reproduce complex signals under laboratory conditions.

    Labsat recorded GNSS signals at 12 bits of I&Q resolution across multiple frequency bands to accurately capture the RF conditions. With this data, LabSat 4 users can recreate these signals on their test benches, allowing them to evaluate their GNSS receiver performance against the same challenges encountered during the event.

    Labsat said it plans to make these recordings available to its LabSat 4 users, allowing them to experience a full range of jamming and spoofing scenarios firsthand. This offers GNSS engineers a unique chance to prepare their technology for real-world threats.

    Photo:
    Labsat 4 GNSS Record & Replay device. (Photo: Labsat)

  • Adtran’s Oscilloquartz aPNT+ takes Jammertest 2024

    Adtran’s Oscilloquartz aPNT+ takes Jammertest 2024

    Adtran’s Oscilloquartz team of network synchronization specialists has demonstrated the capabilities of its positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) solution, the OSA aPNT+, during Jammertest 2024 in Norway.

    According to the team, the OSA aPNT+ platform demonstrated exceptional resilience against jamming and spoofing attacks during the series of real-world tests. It seeks to serve as a vital role in PNT security for critical sectors such as infrastructure and defense. As we rely more on PNT systems, there is a need for robust protection against increasingly sophisticated threats. To meet this challenge, the OSA aPNT+ platform employs a multi-layered protection strategy and zero-trust architecture. 

    The company said that by integrating diverse PNT sources, including Iridium Satellite Time and Location (STL) services, the platform can effectively mitigate risks and establish new standards for securing applications across the public and private sectors.

    Adtran’s Oscilloquartz aPNT+™ solution is built around a multi-layered approach, incorporating advanced GNSS signal analyzers, anti-jamming antennas and AI/ML-enhanced firewalls. Key products, including the OSA 5412, OSA 5422 and OSA 5430 grandmaster clocks, along with the OSA 5401 and OSA 5405 Series of small-form-factor solutions, underwent thorough testing at Jammertest.

    The integration of Iridium’s Satellite Time and Location (STL) services was evaluated, showcasing its ability to diversify PNT sources and bolster defenses against jamming and spoofing attacks. The company shared that Oscilloquartz’s Syncjack technology could detect and mitigate meaconing attacks.

    This approach aligns with IEEE 1952 standards and establishes Oscilloquartz solutions as indispensable for critical sectors dependent on assured PNT, including telecommunications, defense and finance.

  • ANELLO awarded Space Force laser gyro contract

    ANELLO awarded Space Force laser gyro contract

    SpaceWERX, the innovation arm of the U.S. Space Force, has awarded ANELLO Photonics a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I contract to develop a resonator laser gyroscope. The new gyroscope seeks to address critical challenges faced by the Department of the Air Force (DAF).

    By leveraging its expertise in integrated photonics and artificial intelligence (AI) based solutions, ANELLO aims to support the Space Force’s mission of providing capabilities to joint forces operating in GPS-challenged environments.

    This contract is part of a broader initiative by the Air Force Research Laboratory and SpaceWERX to streamline the SBIR and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) processes. The initiative focuses on accelerating proposal-to-award timelines, expanding opportunities for small businesses, reducing bureaucratic overhead and implementing continuous process improvements. Enhancing these processes aims to foster advancements and versatility within the defense sector to overcome GPS-challenged environments.

  • US investigates leaked intelligence on Israel’s planned Iran strike

    US investigates leaked intelligence on Israel’s planned Iran strike

    The United States has begun investigating the unauthorized release of two highly classified intelligence documents detailing Israel’s preparations for a potential retaliatory strike against Iran. These documents, reportedly prepared by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, are marked as top secret and intended for distribution only among the U.S. and its “Five Eyes” intelligence partners: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.

    The leaked files, which first surfaced on the messaging app Telegram, were shared by an anonymous user known as “Middle East Spectator.” According to CNN reports, the leaked files include a satellite imagery analysis of Israeli military asset movements from Oct. 15-16, 2024, as well as defense plans made by the Israeli Air Force and Navy.

    The first document is titled: “Israel: Air Force Continues Preparations for Strike on Iran and Conducts a Second Large-Force Employment Exercise.” The second is titled: “Israel: Defense Forces Continue Key Munitions Preparations and Covert UAV Activity Almost Certainly for a Strike on Iran.”

    When asked about the leak during an interview with CNN, House Speaker Mike Johnson said an “investigation (is) underway, and I’ll get a briefing on that in a couple of hours. We are following it closely.” The New York Times reported that officials privately acknowledged that the documents were authentic but that they likely only represent a portion of the information the U.S. has on its close ally’s planning.

    The FBI, Pentagon and U.S. intelligence agencies are collaborating on the investigation, focusing on determining who had access to the documents and assessing whether the leak was intentional or the result of a hack.

    U.S. officials have acknowledged the documents’ authenticity but suggest they may represent only a portion of the information the U.S. possesses regarding its ally’s plans.

    The incident has raised concerns about the security of classified information within the U.S. government.

    Combatting electronic warfare and emerging threats

    From swarms of lurking UAVs to breaches of federal privacy, we are witnessing a new era of electronic warfare and security challenges. As evidenced by a series of concerning incidents in recent years, the U.S. is actively seeking ways to defend against and secure its airspace from unauthorized UAV incursions and breaches of privacy.

    In 2021, the U.S. experienced a record 1,862 data breaches, a 68% increase from previous years. In 2023, Langley Air Force Base in Virginia reported multiple sightings of unidentified UAVs flying above the facility. These incidents raised significant security concerns among military officials and lawmakers. The situation escalated in October 2024 when U.S. officials confirmed similar drone swarm observations near Edwards Air Force Base in Nevada. The Department of Defense (DOD) has not publicly identified the source behind these surveillance drones.

    The DOD has launched Replicator 1 and Replicator 2 programs, allocating significant funding to enhance drone warfare capabilities. Replicator 1 focuses on increasing the production of attack UAVs, while Replicator 2 aims to improve defenses against enemy drone attacks.

    Outside of the U.S., c-UAV systems and operations have become a critical component of modern warfare and security. While we typically focus on GPS jamming and spoofing as important aspects, they represent only a portion of this style of warfare.

    The ongoing advancements in electronic warfare underscore the need for continued research, development, and policy adaptation to address the complex challenges posed by UAV technology in modern warfare and security operations worldwide.

  • How the US is defending against drones

    How the US is defending against drones

    The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) has spooled up to take the lead in drone warfare with its Replicator 1 program initiative. Securing $500 million in funding in 2023 for “attributable UAVs, DOD is planning another half of a million dollars for the Replicator 2 program. The Replicator initiatives are intended to bring on large volumes of potentially existing capability through increased manufacturing and technological capability. AeroVironment received Rep 1 funding for Switchblade-600 kamikaze drones, which had previously been used successfully in Ukraine, and various initiatives are also underway with many U.S. manufacturers of unmanned surface vessels (USVs), including Anduril’s Dive-LD autonomous underwater vehicles.

    Photo:
    Anduril Dive-LD unmanned undersea vehicle. (U.S. Navy photo by Ian Delossantos)

    Having launched contracts increasing the available volume of attack UAVs (loitering munitions), it has been decided that the Replicator 2 program will go after the protection of U.S. forces from enemy drone attacks. Both sides in Ukraine have built up their UAV attack capability, and as a consequence, both sides now need better defenses against offensive UAV threats. DoD has also learned from experience in the Middle East, where its naval assets have suffered from kamikaze UAV attacks in the Gulf.

    Inexpensive, commercially available UAVs loaded with explosives and remote control and proximity detonators have proved effective weapons. The next phase of Replicator will seek funding in 2026 for counter small-unmanned aerial system (C-sUAS) initiatives, building up existing capability and technology and developing improved defense capabilities.

    Photo:
    Switchblade-600 loitering munition. (Photo: AeroVironment) 

    Several c-UAS systems have been developed and fielded in recent years, but DOD’s efforts on Directed Energy Weapons are being intensified. High power microwave (HPM) systems can be used to jam UAV communications and disrupt onboard drone electronics such as navigation, guidance, sensors and control systems. Its only drawback is that effectiveness diminishes rapidly with the range from the HPW transmitting antenna. This is due to the increased dissipation of microwave energy in the air with the square of the distance traveled – straight physics. Nevertheless, if you can pump enough power out of the transmitting antenna, say in a narrower beam, you may still be able to cover enough distance to disable an attacking swarm of adversary UAVs, even if it ends up being close in as the UAVs approach the target.

    Based in Los Angeles, Epirus recently delivered its Leonidas Expeditionary HPM system under a U.S. Navy contract. The system is mounted on a towed trailer, with the HPM antenna mounted on a turntable to enable directional aiming for a more dynamic ground-based defense against drones. Previous testing has demonstrated the system’s capability to “fry” single and multiple UAVs.

    Photo:
    Leonidas high-power microwave system. (Photo: Epirus)

    A U.S. Army 2023 contract allowed Epirus to prototype four of the Leonidas systems, which have been delivered to the agency and are potentially slated to find active service in the Middle East. This real-world test aims to shake down the systems under high-stress defensive situations, providing feedback for future improvements if required. The situation on the ground clearly demands improved defensive capability.

    Earlier tests of high-power laser defenses in the region allegedly encountered some difficulty with durability and heat dissipation for 50Kw vehicle-mounted systems, while 20Kw laser systems performed better.

    It would seem that the high-intensity microwave beams used by the Leonidas systems might be more usable by ground forces. Epirus has reported that a unique approach to power management was one of the initial core elements developed for the Leonidas system, which may affect the ability to form high-power microwave beams.

    Earlier defensive approaches have included rifle fire, shoulder-mounted missiles, expensive guided missile defenses, anti-drone drones that collide or throw nets, jamming of the control signals, and, of course, GNSS jamming and/or spoofing. HPM “frying” of multiple drones at a time may be another key defensive approach that may make drone attacks harder for adversaries to inflict on our forces on the battlefield.

    So, the next phase of this game could be to develop counter-counter-drone technologies to defeat the defensive systems—this may be a never-ending process.

  • UAV Navigation-Grupo Oesía to develop combat air system

    UAV Navigation-Grupo Oesía to develop combat air system

    UAV Navigation-Grupo Oesía has collaborated with SATNUS — a company formed by GMV, Sener Aeroespacial and Tecnobit-Grupo Oesía — as part of the European program Future Combat Air System (FCAS). The program aims to develop a future-generation weapon system (NGWS), which will integrate a new generation of manned fighters (NGF) and multiple remotely piloted air systems (Remote Carriers or RC), all interconnected through a Combat Cloud (CC).

    Within the FCAS program, UAV Navigation-Grupo Oesía participates in Pillar number 3 of Remote Operators through a subcontract with SATNUS Technologies SL, which is in charge of maturing technologies and minimizing risks in the development of remotely manned elements of the future generation weapon system. Airbus GmbH is leading this pillar at the European level, with MBDA as France’s lead company and SATNUS as Spain’s lead company.

    In the framework of this project, UAV Navigation-Grupo Oesía provides its autopilot for the Manned-Unmanned Teaming and Common Systems Demonstrator (MCSD). This demonstrator, led by SATNUS, will allow the rapid development and testing of concepts and technologies, with a special focus on Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUT) functions and architecture during phase 1B of the program’s technology demonstration.

  • Unidentified UAVs over Langley Air Force Base raise security concerns

    Unidentified UAVs over Langley Air Force Base raise security concerns

    The Wall Street Journal has reported mysterious UAVs spotted surveilling some of America’s most sensitive military sites, leaving the Pentagon struggling to respond. These unidentified UAVs have been seen flying over military installations in Virginia and Nevada throughout the past year, including the secret base of the Navy’s elite SEAL Team Six and Naval Station Norfolk, recognized as the world’s largest naval port.

    Former U.S. Air Force Gen. Mark Kelly told The Wall Street Journal he first became aware of mysterious UAV sightings in December 2023, when officials at Langley Air Force Base in Virginia reported seeing dozens of UAVs flying over the base at night.

    The source of these UAVs remains unknown, leaving officials puzzled about whether they were operated by sophisticated hobbyists or potentially by Russia or China. The complexity and coordination of the flights suggested a level of sophistication beyond civilian drone operations, according to the report.

    The U.S. military faced significant challenges in addressing this threat. Federal law restricts the military’s ability to shoot down UAVs over bases unless they pose an immediate threat. Aerial snooping does not qualify as a threat, though some lawmakers hope to give the military greater leeway to address these challenges in the future.

    The sightings ended on Dec.23, 2023, with authorities still unsure of the UAVs’ origin or who controlled them. However, a clue emerged in January 2024 when a Chinese student named Fengyun Shi, studying at the University of Minnesota, was caught flying a UAV near Langley Air Force Base. Shi’s UAV got stuck in a tree, which he abandoned before flying to California. The FBI retrieved the drone, discovering it had taken photos of Navy ships docked at the base, which led to Shi being sentenced to six months in federal prison.

    In October 2024, U.S. officials confirmed that similar drone swarms had been observed near Edwards Air Force Base in Nevada. The Department of Defense (DOD) has not publicly identified the source behind these surveillance drones.

    In response to these incidents and potential threats, Langley Air Force Base is exploring new measures to safeguard its airspace. The base’s 633rd Contracting Squadron issued a notice seeking proposals for installing anti-drone nets around sunshades used for aircraft, including F-22s. These nets are designed to disable small UAVs while allowing quick retraction to ensure flight operations remain unaffected. The proposed system would withstand extreme weather conditions and prevent drones from interfering with aircraft or personnel.

  • Hanwha partners with Advanced Navigation for GNSS-denied navigation

    Hanwha partners with Advanced Navigation for GNSS-denied navigation

    Advanced Navigation has finalized a $6 million deal with Hanwha Defence Australia (HDA). Under the agreement, Advanced Navigation will supply HDA with 138 Boreas D70 units, a strategic-grade digital fiber-optic gyroscope (DFOG) inertial navigation system (INS), as part of the LAND 400 Phase 3 program.

    This dual-use technology is optimized for contested environments where GNSS accuracy and availability can be compromised.

    The LAND 400 Phase 3 program aims to enhance the capabilities of the Australian Defence Force’s (ADF) armored vehicles. HDA is contracted to deliver 129 Redback infantry fighting vehicles (IFV) to ensure the Australian Army can respond to land challenges while providing high-level protection and mobility for soldiers. The total value of the project is approximately $7 billion.

    According to HDA, the Redback vehicles are advanced fifth-generation infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) developed for Australian requirements while utilizing the latest technology. The company said that the integration of Advanced Navigation’s INS allows these vehicles to achieve unprecedented levels of autonomy and resilience without the aid of GNSS.

  • China completes national eLoran network

    China completes national eLoran network

    The Dunhuang long-wave timing station, a critical component of China’s high-precision ground-based timing system, has been completed and tested. This marks a significant advancement in China’s development of a three-dimensional cross-timing system that spans air, space and land.

    Zhang Shougang, director of the National Time Service Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told Xinhua News that the high-precision ground-based timing system leverages eLoran radio long-wave and fiber-optic timing technology. This system is designed to operate independently of satellite navigation timing, providing backup, complementary functions and mutual enhancement with existing timing systems.

    China has constructed three additional long-wave timing stations in Dunhuang, Korla and Nagqu. When combined with existing stations, the new stations are designed to achieve nationwide coverage of long-wave timing signals.

    During the construction of the Dunhuang station, researchers reported significant breakthroughs in high-precision transmission control and pulse time reference feedback modulation technology. They achieved a megawatt-level Loran timing transmission accuracy of 20 ns, surpassing the current international standard of 50 ns.

    This advanced timing system seeks to support economic and social operations, foster technological development and improve national security. Zhang Shougang noted that after nearly 60 years of development, China has built the world’s most technically complete national timing system.